Anesthesiology (Anesthesiologist) – Handles sleep-inducing drugs in operations of surgical procedures and manages chronic pain.

Cardiology (Cardiologist) – The heart.

Dermatology (Dermatologist) – Diseases of the skin.

Endocrinology (Endocrinologist) – The hormone systems and glands.

Family Practice (FP)/General Practice (GP) – General health maintenance and health problems for all age groups.

Gastroenterology (Gastroenterologist) – Digestive organs.

Geriatrics (Geriatrist) – Problems associated with aging.

Gynecology (Gynecologist) – Women’s health as it relates to their reproductive organs.

Hematology (Hematologist) – Blood and blood forming organs.

Internal Medicine (Internist) – Adult health maintenance and health problems. Not to be confused with interns.

Nephrology (Nephrologist) – The kidneys.

Neurology (Neurologist) – The nervous system.

Neuropsychiatry (Neuropsychiatrist) – The mind and nervous system.

Obstetrics (Obstetrician) – Pregnancy, labor and childbirth.

Obstetrics & Gynecology (Ob/Gyn) – Female reproductive organs, pregnancy, childbirth, and the interval immediately following.

Oncology (Oncologist) – Cancers and tumors.

Ophthalmology (Ophthalmologist) – The eyes. Also prescribes glasses.

Otolaryngology (Otolaryngologist) – The ears, nose, and throat.

Otology (Otologist) – The ears.

Pathology (Pathologist) – Studies tissue, organs and cells; performs lab services and autopsies.

Pediatrics (Pediatrician) – Children’s health maintenance and health problems.

Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation – Neurological, muscular, and skeletal disorders.

Proctology/Colon Rectal Surgery (Proctologist) – Surgically treats problems with the rectum.

Psychiatry (Psychiatrist) – Mental disorders.

Radiology, Diagnostic/Therapeutic (Radiologist) – Uses X-rays, radium, CT scans, MRI scans, etc., in the diagnosis and/or treatment of diseases or other disorders.

Surgery, General (General Surgeon) – Surgically treats various diseases, injuries, etc.

Surgery, Neurological (Neurological Surgeon) – Surgically treats the nervous system.

Surgery, Orthopedic (Orthopedic Surgeon) – Surgically corrects deformities and injuries of the muscles and bones.

Surgery, Plastic and Reconstructive (Plastic & Reconstructive Surgeon) – Repairs or replaces malformed, injured, or lost organs or tissues.

Surgery, Thoracic & Cardiovascular (Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgeon) – Surgically treats diseases of the chest, heart, and its blood vessels.

Surgery, Urological (Urological Surgeon) – Surgically treats diseases that have to do with the urinary tract.

Surgery, Vascular (Vascular Surgeon) – Surgically treats the vessels or ducts that carry fluids.

(Source: Academy of Medicine of Cincinnati)